After a general introduction to time-dependent density-functional theory, several recent applications of the theory will be presented: We study the laser-induced ultrafast demagnetization of solid Fe, Co and i; we investigate the dynamics of chemical bonds and address the question, how much time an electron needs to make a transition from one state to another; we study molecular junctions focussing on cases where, after turning on a bias, no steady state is achieved; and finally we combine time-dependent density functional theory with optimal control theory to find laser pulses specifically tailored to enhance a single peak in the harmonic spectrum of atoms.